/* BodyPlain.com - English Health Website Styles
   Optimized for Western browsing habits:
   - Generous whitespace
   - Larger typography (17px base)
   - Clear visual hierarchy
   - Smooth micro-interactions
   - Comfortable reading width
   ========================================= */

/* =========================================
   CSS Variables / Design Tokens
   ========================================= */
:root {
    --primary: #2D7A4F;
    --primary-light: #4A9E6F;
    --primary-dark: #1E5A3A;
    --secondary: #4A90A4;
    --accent: #E8A54B;

    --gray-50: #F9FAFB;
    --gray-100: #F3F4F6;
    --gray-200: #E5E7EB;
    --gray-300: #D1D5DB;
    --gray-400: #9CA3AF;
    --gray-500: #6B7280;
    --gray-600: #4B5563;
    --gray-700: #374151;
    --gray-800: #1F2937;
    --gray-900: #111827;

    --font-sans: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
    --font-serif: 'Merriweather', Georgia, serif;

    --space-1: 0.25rem;
    --space-2: 0.5rem;
    --space-3: 0.75rem;
    --space-4: 1rem;
    --space-5: 1.25rem;
    --space-6: 1.5rem;
    --space-8: 2rem;
    --space-10: 2.5rem;
    --space-12: 3rem;
    --space-16: 4rem;
    --space-20: 5rem;

    --radius: 0.5rem;
    --radius-lg: 0.75rem;
    --radius-xl: 1rem;
    --radius-2xl: 1.25rem;

    --shadow-sm: 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    --shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.08), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.04);
    --shadow-md: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0,0,0,0.08), 0 2px 4px -2px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    --shadow-lg: 0 10px 25px -3px rgba(0,0,0,0.08), 0 4px 6px -4px rgba(0,0,0,0.04);
    --shadow-xl: 0 20px 40px -5px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);

    --transition: 0.25s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
}

/* =========================================
   Reset & Base
   ========================================= */
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

html {
    font-size: 16px;
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

body {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 1.0625rem; /* 17px */
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: var(--gray-800);
    background: #fff;
}

a { color: var(--primary); text-decoration: none; transition: color var(--transition); }
a:hover { color: var(--primary-dark); }

img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; }

.container {
    max-width: 1280px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 var(--space-8);
}

/* =========================================
   Typography
   ========================================= */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.25;
    color: var(--gray-900);
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

h1 { font-size: 2.75rem; }
h2 { font-size: 2.125rem; }
h3 { font-size: 1.5rem; }
h4 { font-size: 1.25rem; }

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    h1 { font-size: 2rem; }
    h2 { font-size: 1.625rem; }
    h3 { font-size: 1.25rem; }
}

/* =========================================
   Navigation
   ========================================= */
.navbar {
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.97);
    backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-100);
    z-index: 1000;
    padding: 0;
}

.navbar-inner {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: var(--space-8);
    height: 68px;
}

.navbar-brand {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-3);
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--gray-900);
    text-decoration: none;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.navbar-brand svg {
    width: 32px;
    height: 32px;
}

.navbar-menu {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-1);
}

.navbar-menu li a {
    display: block;
    padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-4);
    color: var(--gray-600);
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    transition: all var(--transition);
    text-decoration: none;
    position: relative;
}

.navbar-menu li a:hover {
    color: var(--primary);
    background: rgba(45, 122, 79, 0.06);
}

.navbar-menu li a.active {
    color: var(--primary);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.navbar-menu li a.active::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -2px;
    left: var(--space-4);
    right: var(--space-4);
    height: 2px;
    background: var(--primary);
    border-radius: 1px;
}

.nav-search-btn {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: var(--gray-100);
    color: var(--gray-600);
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all var(--transition);
    margin-left: var(--space-2);
}

.nav-search-btn:hover {
    background: var(--primary);
    color: #fff;
}

.mobile-menu-toggle {
    display: none;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: var(--space-2);
    color: var(--gray-700);
}

.nav-dropdown { position: relative; }

.nav-dropdown-menu {
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    background: #fff;
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    padding: var(--space-3);
    min-width: 200px;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transition: all var(--transition);
    border: 1px solid var(--gray-100);
}

.nav-dropdown:hover .nav-dropdown-menu {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
}

.nav-dropdown-menu a {
    display: block;
    padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-4);
    color: var(--gray-600);
    border-radius: var(--radius);
}

.nav-dropdown-menu a:hover {
    background: var(--gray-50);
    color: var(--primary);
}

@media (max-width: 960px) {
    .mobile-menu-toggle { display: flex; }
    .nav-search-btn { margin-left: auto; }
    .navbar-menu {
        display: none;
        position: absolute;
        top: 100%;
        left: 0;
        right: 0;
        background: #fff;
        flex-direction: column;
        padding: var(--space-4);
        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
        box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
        gap: 0;
    }
    .navbar-menu.active { display: flex; }
    .navbar-menu li a {
        padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-4);
        width: 100%;
        border-radius: var(--radius);
    }
    .navbar-menu li a.active::after { display: none; }
    .nav-dropdown-menu {
        position: static;
        transform: none;
        box-shadow: none;
        padding-left: var(--space-4);
        border: none;
    }
}

/* =========================================
   Hero Section
   ========================================= */
.hero {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary) 0%, #1a5c38 50%, #133d27 100%);
    color: #fff;
    padding: var(--space-20) 0;
    text-align: center;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.hero::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background: radial-gradient(ellipse at 30% 20%, rgba(74, 158, 111, 0.3) 0%, transparent 60%),
                radial-gradient(ellipse at 70% 80%, rgba(74, 144, 164, 0.15) 0%, transparent 50%);
    pointer-events: none;
}

.hero .container { position: relative; z-index: 1; }

.hero-content { max-width: 720px; margin: 0 auto; }

.hero h1 {
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 3.25rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
    letter-spacing: -0.025em;
    line-height: 1.15;
}

.hero p {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    opacity: 0.9;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-10);
    line-height: 1.7;
    max-width: 580px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

/* Hero Search Box */
.hero-search {
    max-width: 560px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.search-box {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.15);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.3);
    border-radius: 100px;
    padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-2) var(--space-2) var(--space-6);
    backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
    transition: all var(--transition);
}

.search-box:focus-within {
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.25);
    border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.5);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
}

.search-box input {
    flex: 1;
    border: none;
    background: transparent;
    font-size: 1.0625rem;
    color: #fff;
    outline: none;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
}

.search-box input::placeholder { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.7); }

.search-box button {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 44px;
    height: 44px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: #fff;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    color: var(--primary);
    transition: all var(--transition);
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.search-box button:hover {
    background: var(--gray-100);
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.hero-cta {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--space-4);
    justify-content: center;
    margin-top: var(--space-8);
}

.btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-6);
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all var(--transition);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
}

.btn-primary { background: var(--primary); color: #fff; }
.btn-primary:hover { background: var(--primary-dark); color: #fff; transform: translateY(-1px); box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); }

.btn-outline {
    background: transparent;
    border: 2px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.5);
    color: #fff;
}
.btn-outline:hover { background: #fff; color: var(--primary); border-color: #fff; }

.btn-outline-green {
    background: transparent;
    border: 2px solid var(--primary);
    color: var(--primary);
}
.btn-outline-green:hover { background: var(--primary); color: #fff; transform: translateY(-1px); box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); }

.btn-lg { padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-8); font-size: 1.0625rem; border-radius: var(--radius-lg); }

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .hero { padding: var(--space-12) 0; }
    .hero h1 { font-size: 2.125rem; }
    .hero p { font-size: 1.1rem; }
    .hero-cta { flex-direction: column; align-items: center; }
}

/* =========================================
   Sections
   ========================================= */
.section-header {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-12);
}

.section-header h2 { margin-bottom: var(--space-3); }
.section-header p {
    color: var(--gray-500);
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    max-width: 560px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    line-height: 1.7;
}

.py-16 { padding: var(--space-16) 0; }
.py-12 { padding: var(--space-12) 0; }
.py-6 { padding: var(--space-6) 0; }
.bg-light { background: var(--gray-50); }

/* =========================================
   Grid System
   ========================================= */
.grid {
    display: grid;
    gap: var(--space-8);
}

.grid-cols-4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); }
.grid-cols-3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
.grid-cols-2 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }

@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .grid-cols-4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
    .grid-cols-3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .grid-cols-4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
    .grid-cols-4 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .grid-cols-3 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .grid-cols-2 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

/* =========================================
   Category Grid (Homepage)
   ========================================= */
.category-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: var(--space-6);
}

.category-card {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    padding: var(--space-8);
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    transition: all var(--transition);
    text-decoration: none;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.category-card::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: 3px;
    background: var(--primary);
    transform: scaleX(0);
    transform-origin: left;
    transition: transform var(--transition);
}

.category-card:hover {
    border-color: var(--primary-light);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.category-card:hover::before {
    transform: scaleX(1);
}

.category-icon {
    font-size: 2.25rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
    line-height: 1;
}

.category-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
    color: var(--gray-900);
}

.category-card p {
    color: var(--gray-500);
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.65;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
    flex: 1;
}

.category-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-2);
    color: var(--primary);
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    transition: gap var(--transition);
}

.category-card:hover .category-link { gap: var(--space-3); }

@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .category-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
    .category-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

/* =========================================
   Article Card
   ========================================= */
.article-card {
    background: #fff;
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
    transition: all var(--transition);
    position: relative;
}

/* Make entire card clickable via invisible overlay link */
.article-card .card-link {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    z-index: 1;
}

.article-card:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    border-color: var(--gray-300);
}

.article-image {
    aspect-ratio: 16/9;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.article-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
}

.article-card:hover .article-image img { transform: scale(1.04); }

.article-body { padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-4) var(--space-3); }

.article-category {
    display: inline-block;
    font-size: 0.6875rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    color: var(--primary);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
}

.article-body h3 {
    font-size: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.article-body h3 a {
    color: var(--gray-900);
    text-decoration: none;
}
.article-body h3 a:hover { color: var(--primary); }

.article-excerpt {
    color: var(--gray-500);
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
    line-height: 1.6;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.article-meta {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-4);
    color: var(--gray-400);
    font-size: 0.75rem;
}

.article-meta span {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-1);
}

/* =========================================
   Tags
   ========================================= */
.tags-cloud {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: var(--space-3);
    justify-content: center;
}

.tag-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-2);
    padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-4);
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
    border-radius: 100px;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    color: var(--gray-700);
    transition: all var(--transition);
    text-decoration: none;
}

.tag-link:hover {
    background: var(--primary);
    border-color: var(--primary);
    color: #fff;
    transform: translateY(-1px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.tag-count {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    color: var(--gray-400);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.tag-link:hover .tag-count { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.8); }

.tag-label {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: var(--space-1) var(--space-3);
    background: var(--gray-100);
    color: var(--gray-600);
    border-radius: 100px;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.tag-label:hover { background: var(--primary); color: #fff; }

/* =========================================
   Article Detail
   ========================================= */
.article-header {
    padding: var(--space-10) 0 var(--space-6);
    text-align: center;
}

.article-header .category {
    display: inline-block;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    color: var(--primary);
    padding: var(--space-1) var(--space-3);
    background: rgba(45, 122, 79, 0.08);
    border-radius: 100px;
}

.article-header h1 {
    font-size: 2rem;
    margin: var(--space-4) auto;
    max-width: 800px;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.article-header .article-meta {
    justify-content: center;
    color: var(--gray-500);
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
    gap: var(--space-4);
}

.article-featured-image {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
}

.article-featured-image img {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 900px;
    height: auto;
    margin: 0 auto;
    display: block;
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

/* Article Content - Reading Experience */
.article-content {
    max-width: 720px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.1875rem; /* 19px */
    line-height: 1.85;
    color: var(--gray-700);
}

.article-content h2 {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    margin: var(--space-12) 0 var(--space-5);
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.article-content h3 {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 1.375rem;
    margin: var(--space-10) 0 var(--space-4);
}

.article-content p {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
}

.article-content ul, .article-content ol {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
    padding-left: var(--space-6);
}

.article-content li {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
}

.article-content blockquote {
    border-left: 3px solid var(--primary);
    padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-6);
    margin: var(--space-8) 0;
    background: var(--gray-50);
    border-radius: 0 var(--radius) var(--radius) 0;
    font-style: italic;
    color: var(--gray-600);
}

.article-content img {
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    margin: var(--space-8) 0;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.article-content a {
    color: var(--primary);
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-decoration-color: rgba(45, 122, 79, 0.3);
    text-underline-offset: 2px;
}

.article-content a:hover {
    text-decoration-color: var(--primary);
}

/* Article Tags Section */
.article-tags {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-3);
    margin-top: var(--space-10);
    padding-top: var(--space-8);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
}

.article-disclaimer {
    margin-top: var(--space-10);
    padding: var(--space-6);
    background: var(--gray-50);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: var(--gray-500);
    line-height: 1.65;
    border: 1px solid var(--gray-100);
}

/* Author Box */
.author-box {
    margin-top: var(--space-10);
    padding: var(--space-8);
    background: var(--gray-50);
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    border: 1px solid var(--gray-100);
}

.author-box .author-avatar {
    width: 64px;
    height: 64px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: var(--gray-200);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.author-box .author-name {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--gray-900);
    font-size: 1rem;
}

.author-box .author-title {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: var(--gray-500);
    margin-top: 2px;
}

/* Share Buttons */
.share-section {
    margin-top: var(--space-8);
    padding: var(--space-8) 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
}

.share-section .share-label {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--gray-700);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
}

.share-buttons {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--space-3);
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.share-btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-2);
    padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-5);
    border: 1.5px solid var(--gray-300);
    color: var(--gray-700);
    border-radius: 100px;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all var(--transition);
}

.share-btn:hover {
    border-color: var(--primary);
    color: var(--primary);
    background: rgba(45, 122, 79, 0.04);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
}

/* Related Articles */
.related-articles {
    margin-top: var(--space-8);
    padding-top: var(--space-8);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
}

.related-articles h3 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
}

.related-articles .article-card .article-body h3 {
    font-size: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
    line-height: 1.4;
}

/* =========================================
   Pagination
   ========================================= */
.pagination-nav {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: var(--space-10) 0 var(--space-4);
}

.pagination {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-2);
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

.page-item { margin: 0; }

.page-link {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    min-width: 42px;
    height: 42px;
    padding: 0 var(--space-3);
    border: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    color: var(--gray-600);
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all var(--transition);
    background: #fff;
}

.page-link:hover {
    border-color: var(--primary);
    color: var(--primary);
    background: rgba(45, 122, 79, 0.04);
}

.page-item.active .page-link {
    background: var(--primary);
    border-color: var(--primary);
    color: #fff;
}

.page-item.disabled .page-link {
    opacity: 0.4;
    pointer-events: none;
}

/* Simple prev/next pagination */
.pagination-simple {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-6);
    padding: var(--space-10) 0 var(--space-4);
}

.pagination-simple .page-info {
    color: var(--gray-500);
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
}

/* =========================================
   Homepage Sections
   ========================================= */

/* Featured Article */
.featured-section {
    padding: var(--space-10) 0;
}

.featured-card {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-8);
    background: #fff;
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all var(--transition);
}

.featured-card:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    border-color: var(--gray-300);
}

.featured-image {
    aspect-ratio: 16/10;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.featured-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 0.5s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
}

.featured-card:hover .featured-image img {
    transform: scale(1.03);
}

.featured-content {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: var(--space-8);
}

.featured-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    font-size: 0.6875rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    color: #fff;
    background: var(--primary);
    padding: 3px 10px;
    border-radius: 100px;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
    width: fit-content;
}

.featured-category {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    color: var(--primary);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}

.featured-content h2 {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    line-height: 1.3;
    color: var(--gray-900);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.featured-excerpt {
    color: var(--gray-500);
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
}

.featured-meta {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-4);
    color: var(--gray-400);
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
}

.featured-meta span {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-1);
}

/* Category Section */
.category-section,
.latest-section {
    padding: var(--space-10) 0;
}

.category-section:nth-child(even) {
    background: var(--gray-50);
}

.category-section .section-header,
.latest-section .section-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: baseline;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
    text-align: left;
}

.category-section .section-header h2,
.latest-section .section-header h2 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--gray-900);
    margin: 0;
}

.section-more {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 4px;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--primary);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: gap var(--transition);
}

.section-more:hover {
    gap: 8px;
}

/* CTA Section */
.cta-section {
    padding: var(--space-16) 0;
    text-align: center;
}

.cta-section h2 {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    color: var(--gray-900);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}

.cta-section p {
    color: var(--gray-500);
    font-size: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
}

/* =========================================
   Footer
   ========================================= */
.footer {
    background: var(--gray-900);
    color: var(--gray-400);
    padding: var(--space-16) 0 var(--space-8);
    margin-top: var(--space-16);
}

.footer-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-12);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-12);
}

.footer-brand {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-2);
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #fff;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
}

.footer-description {
    color: var(--gray-400);
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    max-width: 320px;
}

.footer-social {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--space-3);
    margin-top: var(--space-6);
}

.footer-social a {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 38px;
    height: 38px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
    color: var(--gray-400);
    transition: all var(--transition);
}

.footer-social a:hover {
    background: var(--primary);
    color: #fff;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.footer-links h4,
.footer-links h5 {
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}

.footer-links ul { list-style: none; }

.footer-links li { margin-bottom: var(--space-3); }

.footer-links a {
    color: var(--gray-400);
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    transition: color var(--transition);
}

.footer-links a:hover { color: #fff; }

.footer-bottom {
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
    padding-top: var(--space-8);
    text-align: center;
}

.footer-disclaimer {
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
    color: var(--gray-500);
    line-height: 1.7;
    max-width: 700px;
    margin: 0 auto var(--space-4);
}

.footer-copyright {
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
    color: var(--gray-500);
    opacity: 0.7;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .footer-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
        gap: var(--space-8);
    }
    .footer-grid > div:first-child {
        grid-column: 1 / -1;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .footer-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
}

/* =========================================
   Search Modal
   ========================================= */
.search-modal {
    position: fixed;
    inset: 0;
    background: rgba(0,0,0,0.6);
    backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
    display: none;
    align-items: flex-start;
    justify-content: center;
    padding-top: 15vh;
    z-index: 2000;
}

.search-modal.active { display: flex; }

.search-modal-content {
    background: #fff;
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 620px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
    overflow: hidden;
}

.search-input-wrap {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-3);
    padding: var(--space-5) var(--space-6);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-100);
}

.search-input {
    flex: 1;
    border: none;
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    outline: none;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    color: var(--gray-800);
}

.search-close {
    background: none;
    border: none;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    color: var(--gray-400);
    padding: var(--space-1);
    transition: color var(--transition);
}

.search-close:hover { color: var(--gray-700); }

.search-results {
    padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-6);
    max-height: 50vh;
    overflow-y: auto;
}

/* Search Results List (search.php page) */
.search-results-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: var(--space-6);
}

.search-result-item {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--space-6);
    padding: var(--space-6);
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    transition: all var(--transition);
}

.search-result-item:hover {
    border-color: var(--gray-300);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.search-result-image {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 160px;
    height: 110px;
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    overflow: hidden;
}

.search-result-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.search-result-content {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 0;
}

.search-result-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.1875rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
    line-height: 1.35;
}

.search-result-content h3 a {
    color: var(--gray-900);
}

.search-result-content h3 a:hover {
    color: var(--primary);
}

.search-result-content p {
    color: var(--gray-500);
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.65;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
    .search-result-item {
        flex-direction: column;
    }
    .search-result-image {
        width: 100%;
        height: 180px;
    }
}

/* =========================================
   Utilities
   ========================================= */
.text-center { text-align: center; }
.text-muted { color: var(--gray-500); }
.text-sm { font-size: 0.875rem; }
.mb-0 { margin-bottom: 0; }
.mb-4 { margin-bottom: var(--space-4); }
.mb-6 { margin-bottom: var(--space-6); }
.mb-8 { margin-bottom: var(--space-8); }
.mt-8 { margin-top: var(--space-8); }
.mt-12 { margin-top: var(--space-12); }
.my-4 { margin-top: var(--space-4); margin-bottom: var(--space-4); }
.my-6 { margin-top: var(--space-6); margin-bottom: var(--space-6); }
.my-8 { margin-top: var(--space-8); margin-bottom: var(--space-8); }
.py-8 { padding: var(--space-8) 0; }

/* Flex utilities */
.flex { display: flex; }
.items-center { align-items: center; }
.justify-center { justify-content: center; }
.gap-2 { gap: var(--space-2); }
.gap-4 { gap: var(--space-4); }
.gap-6 { gap: var(--space-6); }

/* Border utilities */
.border-b { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-200); }

/* Font utilities */
.font-medium { font-weight: 500; }
.font-semibold { font-weight: 600; }

/* Container narrow for article pages */
.container-narrow {
    max-width: 800px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

/* Ad slot */
.ad-slot {
    text-align: center;
    padding: var(--space-6) var(--space-4);
    margin: var(--space-8) 0;
    background: var(--gray-50);
    border: 1px dashed var(--gray-300);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    min-height: 90px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    position: relative;
}

.ad-slot::before {
    content: 'Advertisement';
    display: block;
    font-size: 0.6875rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    color: var(--gray-400);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}

.ad-slot.leaderboard { min-height: 90px; }
.ad-slot.in-article { min-height: 250px; margin: var(--space-10) 0; }

/* Back to top button */
.back-to-top {
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 2rem;
    right: 2rem;
    width: 44px;
    height: 44px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: var(--primary);
    color: #fff;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transform: translateY(10px);
    transition: opacity 0.3s, visibility 0.3s, transform 0.3s, background 0.2s;
    z-index: 1000;
}

.back-to-top.visible {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

.back-to-top:hover {
    background: var(--primary-dark);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.back-to-top:active {
    transform: scale(0.92);
}

/* Article references / citations section */
.article-references {
    margin-top: var(--space-10);
    padding: var(--space-8);
    background: var(--gray-50);
    border: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    border-left: 4px solid var(--primary);
}

.article-references h4 {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--gray-800);
    margin: 0 0 var(--space-3);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.references-intro {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: var(--gray-500);
    margin: 0 0 var(--space-4);
    font-style: italic;
}

.references-list {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

.references-list li {
    padding: var(--space-3) 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.references-list li:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.references-list a {
    color: var(--primary);
    text-decoration: none;
}

.references-list a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.reference-desc {
    color: var(--gray-500);
    font-size: 0.875rem;
}

/* =========================================
   Article Mobile Responsive
   ========================================= */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .container { padding: 0 var(--space-5); }

    .article-header {
        padding: var(--space-6) 0 var(--space-4);
    }
    .article-header h1 {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
        line-height: 1.3;
    }
    .article-meta {
        flex-wrap: wrap;
        justify-content: center;
        gap: var(--space-3);
        font-size: 0.8125rem;
    }
    .article-featured-image img {
        border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    }
    .article-content {
        font-size: 1.0625rem;
        line-height: 1.75;
    }
    .article-content h2 { font-size: 1.5rem; }
    .article-content h3 { font-size: 1.25rem; }

    /* Mobile ad adaptation */
    .ad-slot {
        max-width: 100%;
        overflow: hidden;
        margin: var(--space-6) 0;
        padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-3);
    }
    .ad-slot.leaderboard { min-height: 60px; }
    .ad-slot.in-article { min-height: 120px; }

    /* Back to top mobile position */
    .back-to-top {
        bottom: 1.25rem;
        right: 1.25rem;
        width: 40px;
        height: 40px;
    }

    /* Featured card mobile */
    .featured-card {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    .featured-image {
        aspect-ratio: 16/9;
    }
    .featured-content {
        padding: var(--space-5);
    }
    .featured-content h2 {
        font-size: 1.375rem;
    }

    /* Section header mobile */
    .section-header {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: var(--space-2);
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .article-header h1 {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
    }
    .hero h1 { font-size: 1.75rem; }
}

/* =========================================
   Comprehensive Mobile Responsive
   ========================================= */

/* --- Tablet & Mobile (<=768px) --- */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    /* Homepage: Featured card tighter padding */
    .featured-section { padding: var(--space-6) 0; }
    .featured-card { gap: 0; }
    .featured-content { padding: var(--space-5); }
    .featured-content h2 { font-size: 1.375rem; }
    .featured-excerpt { font-size: 0.875rem; }

    /* Homepage: Category & Latest sections */
    .category-section,
    .latest-section { padding: var(--space-8) 0; }
    .category-section .section-header,
    .latest-section .section-header {
        margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
    }
    .category-section .section-header h2,
    .latest-section .section-header h2 {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
    }

    /* Homepage: CTA */
    .cta-section { padding: var(--space-10) 0; }
    .cta-section h2 { font-size: 1.375rem; }
    .cta-section p { font-size: 0.9375rem; }

    /* Article list page hero banners */
    .hero h1 { font-size: 2rem; line-height: 1.2; }
    .hero p { font-size: 1rem; margin-bottom: var(--space-6); }
    section.hero[style] { padding: var(--space-8) 0 !important; }

    /* Article list section titles */
    .py-16 h2.mb-8,
    h2.mb-8 {
        font-size: 1.375rem;
        margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
    }

    /* Article cards: tighter padding */
    .article-body { padding: var(--space-3); }
    .article-body h3 { font-size: 0.9375rem; }
    .article-excerpt { font-size: 0.8125rem; }
    .article-meta { font-size: 0.6875rem; gap: var(--space-2); }

    /* Article detail: references */
    .article-references {
        padding: var(--space-5);
        margin-top: var(--space-8);
    }
    .article-references h4 { font-size: 1rem; }
    .references-list li { font-size: 0.875rem; padding: var(--space-2) 0; }

    /* Article detail: author box */
    .author-box {
        padding: var(--space-5);
        margin-top: var(--space-8);
    }

    /* Article detail: share buttons */
    .share-section {
        margin-top: var(--space-6);
        padding: var(--space-6) 0;
    }
    .share-btn {
        padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-3);
        font-size: 0.8125rem;
    }

    /* Article detail: tags */
    .article-tags {
        margin-top: var(--space-8);
        padding-top: var(--space-6);
        gap: var(--space-2);
    }
    .tag-label { font-size: 0.8125rem; padding: var(--space-1) var(--space-2); }

    /* Article detail: disclaimer */
    .article-disclaimer {
        padding: var(--space-4);
        font-size: 0.8125rem;
    }

    /* Article detail: related articles */
    .related-articles {
        margin-top: var(--space-6);
        padding-top: var(--space-6);
    }
    .related-articles h3 { font-size: 1.125rem; margin-bottom: var(--space-4); }

    /* Pagination mobile */
    .pagination-simple {
        padding: var(--space-8) 0 var(--space-4);
        gap: var(--space-4);
    }
    .pagination-simple .btn {
        padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-4);
        font-size: 0.875rem;
    }

    /* Footer */
    .footer {
        margin-top: var(--space-10);
        padding: var(--space-10) 0 var(--space-6);
    }
}

/* --- Small Mobile (<=640px) --- */
@media (max-width: 640px) {
    /* Homepage: featured card */
    .featured-content h2 { font-size: 1.25rem; }
    .featured-badge { font-size: 0.625rem; }
    .featured-meta { font-size: 0.75rem; }

    /* Article cards: single column adjustments */
    .article-body { padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-4) var(--space-3); }
    .article-body h3 { font-size: 0.9375rem; }

    /* Article detail: related articles stack vertically */
    .related-articles .grid-cols-2 {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: var(--space-4);
    }

    /* Article detail: content images */
    .article-content img {
        margin: var(--space-5) 0;
    }

    /* Article detail: blockquote */
    .article-content blockquote {
        padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-4);
        margin: var(--space-6) 0;
        font-size: 1rem;
    }

    /* Article detail: headings in content */
    .article-content h2 { font-size: 1.375rem; margin: var(--space-8) 0 var(--space-4); }
    .article-content h3 { font-size: 1.125rem; margin: var(--space-6) 0 var(--space-3); }

    /* CTA buttons stack */
    .cta-section .btn {
        width: 100%;
        justify-content: center;
    }
}

/* --- Extra Small Mobile (<=480px) --- */
@media (max-width: 480px) {
    /* Hero further reduced */
    .hero { padding: var(--space-8) 0; }
    .hero h1 { font-size: 1.75rem; }
    .hero p { font-size: 0.9375rem; margin-bottom: var(--space-5); }
    .search-box { padding: var(--space-1) var(--space-1) var(--space-1) var(--space-4); }
    .search-box input { font-size: 0.9375rem; }
    .search-box button { width: 38px; height: 38px; }

    /* Homepage sections */
    .category-section,
    .latest-section { padding: var(--space-6) 0; }
    .category-section .section-header h2,
    .latest-section .section-header h2 { font-size: 1.125rem; }
    .featured-section { padding: var(--space-4) 0; }
    .featured-content { padding: var(--space-4); }
    .featured-content h2 { font-size: 1.125rem; }
    .cta-section { padding: var(--space-8) 0; }
    .cta-section h2 { font-size: 1.25rem; }

    /* Article detail */
    .article-header { padding: var(--space-4) 0 var(--space-3); }
    .article-header h1 { font-size: 1.25rem; margin: var(--space-3) auto; }
    .article-body h3 { font-size: 0.875rem; }
    .article-content { font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.7; }
    .article-content p { margin-bottom: var(--space-4); }
    .article-references { padding: var(--space-4); }
    .article-references h4 { font-size: 0.9375rem; }
    .author-box { padding: var(--space-4); }
    .author-box .author-avatar { width: 48px; height: 48px; font-size: 1.25rem; }
    .share-buttons { gap: var(--space-2); }
    .share-btn { font-size: 0.75rem; padding: var(--space-1) var(--space-2); }

    /* List page hero */
    section.hero[style] { padding: var(--space-6) 0 !important; }
    section.hero[style] h1 { font-size: 1.5rem; }
}

/* =========================================
   Smooth Scroll & Selection
   ========================================= */
::selection {
    background: rgba(45, 122, 79, 0.15);
    color: var(--gray-900);
}

/* Focus styles for accessibility */
:focus-visible {
    outline: 2px solid var(--primary);
    outline-offset: 2px;
}

/* Print styles */
@media print {
    .navbar, .footer, .share-section, .hero-search, .ad-slot, .search-modal, .back-to-top { display: none !important; }
    .article-content { font-size: 12pt; max-width: 100%; }
    body { color: #000; }
}